Method—Practices and Pitfalls in Voltage Breakdown Analysis of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Systems

Many electrochemical energy-conversion systems are evaluated by polarization curves, which report the cell voltage across a range of current densities and global measure operation state health. Mathematical models can be used to deconstruct measured overall identify quantify voltage-loss sources, such as kinetic, ohmic, mass-transport effects. These results elucidate best pathways for improved performance. In this work, we discuss several voltage-breakdown methods provide examples different low-temperature, membrane-based including electrolyzers, fuel cells, related devices. We present practices guide experimentalists theorists in polarization-curve breakdown analysis.